During most of the one hundred and fifty thousand years we humans have walked the face of the Earth, we have attempted to understand the world in which we live by interpreting what our unaided senses tell us and applying common sense. This was reliance on natural revelation, what nature tells us about ourselves and God. For people of faith, Divine Revelation formally started only four thousand years ago with the book of Genesis. During most of that time common sense got it wrong about nature and this influenced our image of God. Because of recent great advances in natural science, it is time to return to nature and see what it can reveal about God and ourselves. This approach to the relationship of religion and science requires a new mind-set in theology which is willing to draw as much as possible from the conclusions of natural science. Trying to develop a theology without reference to the natural sciences would be like trying to write the biography of the great architect Christopher Wren without any reference to St. Paul's Cathedral in London. The method of choice which the Creator of the universe has used to implement his purpose has been evolution. But how does this square with beliefs in original justice and the fall of Adam and Eve? The divine revelation contained in the Incarnation may be the answer. In this volume, William G. Joseph, scientist and priest, traces the exciting history of our scientific and theological knowledge and their potential to deepen our understanding of God. What is needed in theological scholarship is the open and creative atmosphere enjoyed by scientists as we focus on a theology of evolution. Increasing our theological understanding of human nature with what science knows about our biological nature and its origin will make faith rest more easily in the mind of 21st century believers. It may also make religious faith more credible to secular society.